20. Jahrhundert: 1914-1945 | Versailler Vertrag
Collapse of the Empires after 1918
With the revolution of 1917, the Russian Tsar’s empire falls. Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire fall apart after the defeat in the First World War in 1918. Many new states emerge on the territory of the multi-ethnic empires in Eastern Europe. They all invoke the right of self-determination, mostly wanting to be a nation states of one people only. However, there are often other ethnic groups living on their territory. This leads to fierce conflicts over the correct demarcation of borders and minority rights. In the Middle East, the colonial powers Britain and France divide up Ottoman territories among themselves, thereby ignoring the interests of the peoples concerned.
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