20. Jahrhundert: 1914-1945 | Faschismus
Fascism in Europe
Europe after the First World War: Radical ideologies are gaining ground. Violence brings the Bolsheviks to power in Russia, while the fascists take over Italy. With the "March on Rome", they force the appointment of Benito Mussolini as head of government in 1922. Militarily organised and ready to use violence, his Blackshirts mobilise, above all, against communism and socialism. In Germany, this is done by the SA, the paramilitary combat section of the National Socialist movement, which makes an aggressive political rise under Adolf Hitler. After the fascist General Franco’s victory in Spain in 1938, Europe finally faces 16 dictatorially ruled countries against 11 democracies. Nationalism and a brutal striving for power – especially performed in Germany – pave the way for the Second World War.
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Austria-Hungary, republic, Russia, Bolshevism, Germany, putsch, politics, ideology, ideologies, Italy, Benito Mussolini, Duce, fascists, dictatorship, blackshirts, Munich, National Socialists, Adolf Hitler, March on Rome, Mein Kampf, antisemitism, anti-Semitism, jews, Spain, General Franco, military coup, Condor Legion, Moscow, Stalin, international brigades, Paris, World Exposition, ideological extremes, Pablo Picasso, Guernica, Great Britain, appeasement policy, France, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Sudetenland, Poland, war on two fronts, Soviet Union, non-aggression pact, London, protective forces, Lebensraum to the east, propaganda, March on Moscow, war of annihilation, subhumans, Stalingrad, Red Army, Western Front, British troops, America, American troops, Berlin, unconditional surrender, day of liberation, defeat
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