20. Jahrhundert: 1914-1945 | Zweiter Weltkrieg
The Holocaust
The Wehrmacht’s invasion of Poland in 1939 is marked by brutal excesses against the Polish population. Jews in particular are tortured and rounded up in ghettos. It is the prelude to the systematic killing of Jewish people in Europe that begins in 1941. Accompanying the invasion of the Soviet Union, police and SS task forces carry out mass shootings and later also gassings behind the front. The end of 1941 marks the beginning of deportations to the concentration camps in the East. The killing has long since begun when the organisational details of the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question" are discussed at the Wannsee Conference in 1942. Above all, as the largest concentration and extermination camp, Auschwitz becomes synonymous with industrial mass murder. Here alone, more than a million people meet their death. In total, about six million Jews fall victim to the Nazi racial fanaticism.
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